薇拉·凯瑟早期作品中娱乐方式的全民化与普遍化

The Nationalization and Generalization of Recreation in Willa Cather’s Early Works

几乎所有凯瑟着重描写的娱乐方式都强调了某个或大或小的社群集体参与的重要性和必要性,这种强调体现了美国社会价值体系的精髓,表现了美国社会阶层、美国民众生活场地和生活方式的可迁移性以及宗教、科技发展在美国社会中不可忽视的影响力。凯瑟在作品中所表达的观念和为此而设计的不同阶层、民族、种族、性别、信仰的人物,也恰到好处地体现了美国民众的娱乐方式自人与自然的对话中开始到人与人、人与社会、人与艺术、人与宗教、人与科技工业革命的对话中变革:从某一特定区域特有的娱乐活动到进入多个领域。本文以对娱乐活动的形式和种类的分析,来证明凯瑟所在的历史时期的娱乐活动的全民化与普遍化。

The participation of communities plays an important and necessary role in almost all the literary works written by Willa Cather.Cather writes about leisure and recreation which embodies the essence of the value system in the U.S.： the mobility of class,habitation,life style,as well as the great influence that religion and technology have on American society.The characters designed by Cather of different temperament,class,color,gender,religion also present different kinds of recreational activities developing and evolving from the human-nature interaction to the conversations that American people have with themselves,societies,art,religion,and science and technology.Recreational activities have experienced the process of nationalization and generalization.The author analyzes the various kinds of recreation of activities in Cather’s literary works and tries to prove that they are nationalized and generalized.