西夏地理区划考论——以《天盛改旧新定律令》中的方位词为中心

Research on Geographic Zoning in Tangut——with Noun of locality in the Law of Tiansheng Gaijiu at the center

通过对黑水城出土西夏法律文献《天盛改旧新定律令》中经常出现的边中、地边、地中等方位词的考释,揭示出西夏境内按照距离都城的远近被划分为京师界、地边、地中三大区域。京师通常所指京(?)地区,地边即西夏的边界地区,地中是界于京师和地边之间的广大区域,地边和地中统称边中,京师与边中相对。京师、地中、地边等横向地理区划与府、州、郡、县、监军司、堡、寨等纵向行政区划结合在一起构成了纵横交错的西夏区划。

Tangut is indicated to be divided into jingshijie, dibian and dizhong in accordance with distance to capital by making a research on noun locality bianzhong, dibian and dizhong frequently seen in Tangut law documents the law ofTiansheng Gaijiu unearthed in Khara-Khoto. Jingshi usually stands for the capital city and its environs. Dibian represents border region of Tangut. Dizhong is the area beween jingshi and dibian. Dibian and dizhong are called bianzhong while jingshi and bianzhong are face to face. The crosswise geographic zonings such as jingshi, dizhong and dibian combine with lengthways administrative divisions including fu, zhou, jun, xian, jianjunsi （military district）, bu, zhai to form a criss-cross Tangut.