广州市吸毒人员丙型肝炎病毒基因型及相关因素的研究

Study on genotypes and related factors of hepatitis C virus in drug addicts of Guangzhou

目的对广州市吸毒人员丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）基因分型及其相关因素进行分析，为吸毒者丙型肝炎的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法应用聚合酶链反应一反向点杂交技术检测100例HCV抗体初筛阳性吸毒者的基因型和基因亚型，并对HCV感染者的性别、年龄、藉贯、吸毒史等进行相关性分析。结果采用酶联免疫方法（ELISA）在170名戒毒人员中初筛到HCV抗体阳性者100名，阳性率为58．8％；在100名初筛阳性的吸毒人员中检测到4种基因型，呈8种组合。大部分HCV感染者为年轻的广东籍（81名，占81．0％），采用静脉注射式吸毒80名（占80．0％），吸毒史为5～10年者68名（占68．0％），年龄19～35岁者69名（占69．0％）。结论广州市吸毒人员HCV感染者基因分型以6a型为优势株，其次为3a，且基因亚型呈现多样性。与静脉注射吸毒、吸毒史5年以上和以年纪较轻的广东籍男性为主等因素有关。

Objective To provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment, the distribution of hepatitis C virus （HCV） genotype and related factors in drug addicts of Guangzhou were explored. Methods HCV genotypes and subtypes were detected by using polymerase chain reaction（PCR） reverse dot blot hybridization technique inl00 drug addicts with HCV infection. The correlation between HCV gen- otypes and each variable （including gender, age, native place） was analyzed. Results Of the 170 drug addicts, 100 were found HCV-Ab positive by ELISA and the infection rate was 58.8%. Four HCV geno- types（lb,3a,3b,6a） and eight mixed genotypes（6a,lb,3a,3b,lb ＋3a,lb ＋6a,3a ＋6a,lb ＋3b） were found. Of these HCV-positive drug addicts, 81% （ 81/100 ） were from native regions, 80% （ 80/100 ） were injection drug users,68% （68/100） had a history of drug abuse for more than 5 to 10 years and 69% （69/ 100） were at the age between 19 - 35 years old. Conclusion HCV genotype 6a predominates in drug ad- dicts of Guangzhou, and related to the main factors including intravenous drug use, drug use history above 5 years,and younger males with Guangdong nationality.