阜阳市不同地区儿童流行性脑脊髓膜炎抗体水平调查分析

Study of antibody level against epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis among children in Fuyang

目的研究不同地区儿童流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)免疫状况,为制定流脑免疫对策,控制流脑流行提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机抽样方法抽取阜阳市三区1～15岁儿童为研究对象,采用ELISA方法检测A群流脑血清抗体水平。结果共调查970名儿童,流脑抗体阳性854人,阳性率为88.04%;不同地区流脑抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=47.52,P<0.01);1～3岁组儿童与其他年龄儿童抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);城乡差异无显著性(χ2=0.36,P>0.01)。结论儿童流脑抗体阳性率较高。3岁以下儿童免疫水平偏低,是流脑散发或局部流行的高危人群,应加强免疫接种工作。

Objective To survey the antibody level of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis among children,so as to provide scientific evidence for cerebrospinal meningitis control.Methods The cluster,stratified,and random sampling was used to select children aged 1-15 years old from three districts of Fuyang.We used ELISA to measure the type A serum antibody.Results A total of 970 subjects were investigated and the positive rate was 88.04%.There were significant difference in the positive rate in different areas（χ2=47.12,P〈0.01）,and between 1-3-year group and the other groups（P〈0.01）.No significant difference between city and countryside was found.Conclusions The positive rate of antibody level against epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis among children was relatively high.However,the immune level was low for children aged 1-3 years old,who were the high risk population for epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,and it is necessary to intensify the vaccination.