哈尔滨市2011年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of suspected adverse event following immunization in Harbin City,China in 2011

目的分析哈尔滨市2011年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse event following immunization,AEFI)的特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法对《疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统》报告的哈尔滨市2011年AEFI数据进行描述性分析。结果 2011年哈尔滨市共报告188例AEFI,以一般反应为主,占报告总数的86.7%;下半年报告的病例占全年总数的72.9%;年龄≤1岁和1岁<年龄≤2岁组报告病例最多,分别占总数的42.0%和36.2%;吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗因接种针次多,AEFI发生数也最多,占总数的49.5%;一般反应中,报告最多的是发热、红肿、硬结,占85.1%。结论哈尔滨市AEFI及时报告率、及时调查率、调查表及时上报率等监测指标均达到较高水平。今后应加强对基层人员的培训和督导检查,在乡级单位开展网络直报,进一步提高AEFI监测系统的敏感性和及时性。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Harbin City,China in 2011 and evaluate the AEFI surveillance system.Methods A descriptive analysis was performed on the data on AEFI reported in Information Management System of AEFI in Harbin in 2011.Results A total of 188 cases of AEFI were reported in Harbin in 2011,most（86.7%） of which were general reactions.However,72.9% of the cases were reported from July to December.Most of the cases were observed in the infants at ages of not more than 1 year and more than 1 year but not more than 2 years,which accounted for 42.0% and 36.2% of the total number respectively.A portion of 49.5% of the cases were observed after immunization with DTaP,which might be due to the increased doses.Of the general reactions,85.1% were fever / redness and swelling / induration.Conclusion The timely report rate and timely investigation rate of AEFI as well as timely submission rate of investigation table were high in Harbin City.However,the training and supervision on the personnel in grass-root units should be strengthened.Meanwhile,direct network should be established in the units at town level so as to further improve the sensitivity and punctuality of AEFI surveillance system.