某蓄电池厂职业病危害技术改造效果分析

Analysis of the effect of technological transformation on occupational hazards in a storage battery factory

目的了解某蓄电池生产企业技术改造前后作业场所空气中铅浓度和铅作业工人血铅水平变化。方法石墨炉原子吸收法检测血铅水平和空气中铅浓度,用Wilcoxon秩检验统计分析血铅水平。结果技术改造后空气中铅尘浓度[(0.049±0.043)mg/m3)]与技术改造前[(0.232±0.118)mg/m3]比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.487,P<0.05);技术改造后空气中铅烟浓度[(0.021±0.014)mg/m3]与技术改造前[(0.162±0.060)mg/m3]比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.767,P<0.05);技术改造前后铅作业人员血铅值均呈右偏态分布,技术改造前后血铅中位数分别为1.314和0.725 mmol/L,技术改造后铅作业人员的血铅水平低于技术改造前,差异有统计学意义(Z=-11.66,P<0.01)。结论该厂技术改造可有效降低作业场所空气中铅浓度和铅作业人员血铅水平。

[Objective] To investigate the changes of lead concentration in the workplace air and blood lead level before and after technical reform in a storage battery factory.[Methods]Blood lead level and concentration of lead in the air were detected by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry（GFAAS）method.Wilcoxon rank test was used to analyze blood lead level.[Results] After technical reform,concentration of lead dust [（0.049±0.043） mg/m3] in air decreased significantly,compared with concentration of lead dust [（0.232±0.118） mg/m3] before technical reform（t=-3.478,P0.05）.The concentration of lead fume [（0.021±0.014） mg/m3] in air decreased significantly after technical reform,compared with that [（0.162±0.060） mg/m3] before technical reform（t=-5.767,P0.05）.The values of blood lead before and after technical reform showed right-skewed distribution.The medians of lead workers＇ blood lead of before and after technical reform were 1.314 mmol/L and 0.725 mmol/L.And blood lead level of lead exposed workers after technical reform was lower than that before technical reform（Z=-11.66,P0.001）.[Conclusion]Technical reform in the factory caneffectively reduce concentration of lead in workplace and workers＇ blood lead levels.