某汽车和摩托车用铸锻毛坯件生产制造项目职业病危害控制效果评价

Evaluation of control effect on occupation hazards in a project casting and forging blank used in automobile and motorcycles

目的评价某汽车、摩托车用铸锻毛坯件生产制造项目职业病危害控制效果,提出防治对策,保护劳动者健康。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查、工作场所职业病危害因素检测和检查表等方法进行综合分析评价。结果检测生产性粉尘、物理及化学性有害因素共16种,其中粉尘5种,定点检测60个点位,个体检测27个岗位,合格率100%。检测化学毒物5种,共计30个点位,检测合格率均为100%。噪声定点检测60个点位,合格率48.3%;噪声个体检测56个岗位,合格率为23.2%。高温、工频电场、紫外线、照度、X射线、空气比释动能率的检测合格率均为100%。结论噪声是该建设项目的主要职业病危害因素,且危害程度严重,应通过工程技术改造,采取有效的职业病危害防护措施加以控制。

[Objective] To evaluate the control effect on occupation hazards in a project casting and forging blank used in automobile and motorcycles,to put forward control measures,and protect workers＇ health.[Methods]Field occupational health investigation,workplace occupational hazards detection,checklists and other methods were adopted for comprehensive analysis and evaluation.[Results] A total of 16 kinds of hazards,including dust,physical and chemical hazards,were detected;5 kinds of dust were detected on 60 fixed points and 27 working posts,all qualified;5 kinds of chemical toxicants were detected on 30 points,all fixed qualified;noise was detected on 60 fixed points（48.3% of qualified rate） and 56 working posts（23.2% of qualified rate）.The qualified rates of heat,high-frequency electric field,ultraviolet illumination,X-ray,the air kerma rate were all 100%.[Conclusion]The major occupational hazard is noise in this construction project with serious degree.It is necessary to take effective control measures against occupational hazards through technical reform.