昆明市社区居民与出租车驾驶员COPD的患病情况

Prevalence of COPD among community residents and taxi drivers in Kunming City

目的通过对社区居民及出租车驾驶员慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的筛查,了解其不同的患病率和可能的患病因素,并探讨有效的预防控制措施。方法 2010年6月—2011年3月分别调查了社区居民596人和出租车驾驶员507人,首先进行问卷调查,随后进行肺通气功能检查,发现COPD病例。结果总人群中社区居民平均年龄大于出租车驾驶员,COPD患病率差异无统计学意义;≥40岁人群中社区居民平均年龄大于出租车驾驶员,COPD患者平均年龄社区居民大于出租车驾驶员;社区居民COPD患病率小于出租车驾驶员;总人群中轻、重度和极重度COPD患者,社区居民患病率高于出租车驾驶员。结论出租车驾驶员COPD患病年龄小于社区居民,而COPD患病率高于社区居民,分析与出租车驾驶员主动和被动吸烟、接触汽车尾气多、工作环境空气污染重有关,需加强对出租车驾驶员防控COPD的教育。

[Objective]By carrying out the screening of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） among community residents and taxi drivers,to understand the COPD prevalence rate and possible prevalence factors,and study the effective prevention and control measures.[Methods]From June 2010 to March 2011,596 community residents and 507 taxi drivers were investigated respectively,the questionnaire survey and pulmonary ventilation function test was conducted to find out COPD cases.[Results]In total population,the average age of community residents was older than that of taxi drivers,and there was no significant difference in prevalence rate of COPD.Among people over 40 years old,the average age of community residents was older than that of taxi drivers.Among COPD patients,the average age of community residents was older than that of taxi drivers.The prevalence rate of COPD in community residents was lower than that in taxi drivers.Among the mild,severe and extremely severe COPD patients in total population,the prevalence rate of community residents was higher than that of taxi drivers.[Conclusion]The onset age of COPD of taxi drivers is younger than that of community residents,while the COPD prevalence rate of taxi drivers is higher than that of community residents.The results are possibly related to active or passive smoking,more contact with car tail exhaust,severe air pollution in their working environment.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the education of COPD prevention and control among taxi drivers.