梧州市农村生活饮用水水质卫生监测结果分析

Analysis on monitoring results of rural drinking water quality in Wuzhou City

目的了解2011年梧州市农村卫生饮用水卫生状况,为下一步开展农村生活饮用水的卫生监测工作提供依据。方法以《2011年广西农村生活饮用水水质卫生监测技术方案》为依据,选择市直管的30处已经建成投入使用的农村集中式供水工程及市长洲区5处分散式供水为监测点,于枯水期和丰水期各采集集中式供水出厂水和末梢水各1份水样,分散式供水采集农户家庭储水器(家中水龙头)水样1份进行监测。结果梧州市农村生活饮用水共采集水样130份,水质总的合格率为55.38%,枯水期和丰水期的合格率分别为53.85%(35/65)和56.92%(37/65);集中式供水的合格率为56.67%(68/120),分散式供水的合格率为40.00%(4/10)。不同类型水源的水质合格率以深井水最高,其次为浅井水,最低是地表水,合格率分别为94.44%、83.33%、55.86%。水质完全处理的合格率为42.86%,不完全处理或不处理的水质合格率为56.90%。水质不合格的项目有浑浊度、菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、铁。其中总大肠菌群不合格57份,耐热大肠菌群不合格56份,菌落总数不合格34份,浑浊度不合格40份,只有1份水样铁含量不合格。结论梧州市只有半数的农民的生活饮用水是安全的,农村生活饮用水存在最大的问题是受到微生物的污染。

[Objective] To understand the sanitary condition of rural drinking water in Wuzhou City in 2011,provide the data for further implementation of hygiene surveillance of rural drinking water.[Methods]According to the Guangxi technology program for hygiene monitoring of drinking water in rural area（2011）,30 rural centralized water supply projects that had been completed and put into use and 5 dispersal water supply sites in Changzhou District were collected as the monitoring points.The water samples of finished water and tap water were collected from centralized water supply projects in dry season and wet season,as well as the household water storage device of dispersal water supply to conduct the monitoring.[Results]A total of 130 samples of rural drinking water in Wuzhou City were collected,and the total qualified rate was 55.38%.The qualified rate of dry season and wet season was 53.85%（35/65） and 56.92%（37/65） respectively.The qualified rate of centralized water supply and dispersal water supply was 56.67%（68/120） and 40.00%（4/10） respectively.Among the different types of water source,the qualified rate of deep well water was the highest（94.44%）,followed by shallow well water（83.33%） and surface water（55.86%）.The qualified rate of completely treated water was 42.86%,and that of water had not been completely treated or untreated water was 56.90%.The unqualified items included turbidity,total bacterial count,total coliforms,thermotolerant coliform and iron,which 57 samples failed in total coliforms 56 failed in thermotolerant coliform,34 failed in total bacterial count,40 failed in turbidity and 1 failed in iron.[Conclusion]In Wuzhou City,only half of the rural population have safe drinking water,and the most common problem in drinking water safety in rural areas is microbial contamination.