西藏高原地区医院空气消毒方法探讨

Exploration of differences on air sterilization measures in Plateau Area Hospitals in Tibet

目的比较高原地区不同空气消毒方法的效果差异,选择高原地区医院适宜的消毒方法。方法分别采用紫外线、循环风消毒机、自然通风法对高原地区医院环境进行消毒或净化,评价消毒或净化效果。结果紫外线消毒效果最好,细菌杀灭率为66.57%,循环风消毒机其次,细菌杀灭率59.14%,自然通风法细菌杀灭率仅为25.77%,效果最差。环境湿度增高(RH≥50%)会降低紫外线杀菌效果,而对循环风消毒机和自然通风的清除细菌效果没有影响。结论高原环境病区内空气消毒仍以紫外线最佳,但应根据环境及疾病差异综合选择。

Objective To evaluate the effects of three air sterilization measures and help us choose most suitable air sterilization measure in altitude area. Methods Applied ultraviolet lamps, recirculating air disinfection machine, and natural ventilation on hospital Intensive Care Unit environment of Tibetan plateau area, valuated the sterilization effects through accounting the bacteria clearance. Results Ultraviolet lamps disinfection was the most efficient way to purify the air of hospital environment in plateau area. The bacteria clearance was 66.57%, then came to the recirculating disinfection machine （59.14%）, the natural ventilation was the poorest disinfection measure relatively, the bacteria clearance reached only 25.77 ~. The higher relative humidity（RH≥50 %）could reduce the bacteria clearance of ultraviolet lamp rather than recirculating disinfection and natural ventilation. Conclusions Ultraviolet is still the most efficient air sterilization way in plateau area even though where has extremely high ultraviolet intensity.