高指数晶面裸露的贵金属纳米晶体的合成

Progresses on syntheses of the noble-metal nanocrystals with exposed high-index facets

由于在高指数晶面上存在高密度的台阶位、扭结位原子等,高指数晶面裸露的贵金属纳米晶体一般表现出优越的物理化学性能,在催化、电化学等方面都有很重要的应用前景.近年来,研究人员围绕高指数晶面的制备进行了大量的工作并取得了一定进展.本文重点从合成制备方法的角度出发,结合本课题组的相关研究,系统总结了现有的有关制备高指数晶面裸露的贵金属纳米晶体的一些最新研究成果.从电化学方法、"帽"式试剂保护法、欠电位沉积原子层保护法、动力学调控、氧化刻蚀溶解再生长法以及模板法等几个方面对现有的高指数晶面裸露的贵金属纳米晶体的制备进行了总结.

Due to the presence of high-density atoms on the steps and kinks, the noble-metal nanocrystals with high-index facets usually perform superb phisical/chemical properites and have important applications in catalysis and electrochemistry etc. In recent years, the syntheses of noble-metal nanocrystals with high-index facets has become a hot research topic, and important progresses have been proceeded. This review summarized achivements about the syntheses of noble-metal nanocrystals with high-index facets exposed. We specially focused on the systhetic methods from the aspects of electrochemical method, capping agent method, under-potential- deposition of foreign metal atoms, kinetic control, oxdative etching and growth, and templated method.