飞机进近着陆电磁环境建模与辐射分布分析

Modeling of electromagnetic environment and radiation distribution analysis for aircraft approaching and landing

机场终端区电磁、地形和地物在拓扑、物理和语义上的异构性导致进近着陆电磁环境构成机理复杂,很难用单尺度解析模型表征电磁环境的本质属性.在分析终端区多要素层次构成机理和关联耦合特征的基础上,提出一种多层融合的进近着陆电磁环境模型架构.综合采用矩量法和射线追踪法模拟台站辐射特性和地空电波传播模式,建立进近着陆区域电磁辐射强度量化表征与空间分布计算模型,有效降低了场边界特性不规则时空变化带来的电波预测误差.结合某机场地形和航向台数据,对终端区主航道和余隙航道的电磁辐射强度和覆盖范围进行计算和对比分析.仿真结果验证了本建模与分析方法的有效性.

Electromagnetic field, terrain and obstacle are three vital elements which constitute electro- magnetic environment in aerodrome terminal. Because of their inhomogeneity in topology, physics and seman- teme, it is difficult to express the characteristic of the electromagnetic environment for aircraft approaching and landing with determined model. Based on the attribute of hierarchy and the coupling interrelation of those three elements, a multi-layer fused electromagnetic environment model frame for aerodrome terminal was put for- ward. In order to reduce the computation error induced by the non-regulation boundary variation of electromag- netic field, a combination of method of moment（MoM） and ray tracing methods was used to simulate the radi- ation pattern and wave propagation, and radiation intensity expression and distribution computation flow in ap- proaching and landing area were described. Simulation experiment of the radiation computation in approaching area based on one aerodrome dataset shows the validity of the modeling method.