浙江省消除麻疹工作的优势、劣势、机会和威胁(SWOT)分析

A SWOT analysis of measles elimination program in Zhejiang Province

目的:分析浙江省消除麻疹工作的进展,发现问题并探索策略与措施。方法:通过历史资料收集、麻疹疫情分析与调查,采用SWOT(优势、劣势、机会和威胁)分析技术对浙江省消除麻疹工作进行综合评价,并建立SWOT分析矩阵。结果:通过实施扩大免疫规划,并连续开展强化免疫和查漏补种活动,浙江省麻疹发病率达到了1951年麻疹疫情报告以来的最低水平。但成人等非免疫规划对象的发病增加了浙江省消除麻疹难度,医院内感染传播已成为小年龄组发病的主要场所,流动人口等也给消除麻疹工作提出了挑战。结论:应建立多部门协作的消除麻疹工作机制,将初三学生麻疹疫苗接种纳入到常规工作,同时开展健康教育和加强院内感染控制,不断提高基层公共卫生服务体系建设,以努力达到消除麻疹目标。

Objective To explore the status quo of measles elimination program in Zhejiang Province, and to provide evidence for specific strategies and measures of measles prevention and control. Methods The collection, analysis and investigation on measles in Zhejiang province was conducted, and the SWOT analysis（strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats）was used to make a comprehensive evaluation. Results The incidence rate of measles in Zhejiang province dropped to the lowest rate since 1951, after strengthening immunization program and conducting supplementary immunization activities these years. However, Measles Elimination Program in Zhejiang Province was challenged by the high proportion of adult measles cases, nosocomial in- fection and the increase of floating population. Conclusion Multi--sectoral coordination sustainable mechanism of Measles Elim- ination Program needs to be established and the routine measles immunization activities of middle school students should be rec- ommended. In addition,reducing hospital exposure risks for measles and enhancing the primary public health services system are also important to Measles Elimination Program.