北京市肠道门诊腹泻患者人杯状病毒感染调查

Investigation of human calicivirus infections for diarrhea patients visiting enteric clinics in Beijing

目的调查北京地区肠道门诊就诊腹泻患者人杯状病毒的感染情况。方法收集北京市2011年4月至2012年3月丰台、昌平、怀柔3个区县的肠道门诊就诊腹泻患者450例，采集患者粪便标本，使用逆转录聚合酶链反应法（RT—PCR）对粪便标本进行人杯状病毒RNA检测，对RT—PCR阳性标本的PCR产物进行克隆测序。结果450例患者标本中68例人杯状病毒阳性（68／450，15．11％）。选择其中18例PCR产物进行克隆测序，将获得的序列进行比对分析、构建系统发生树，结果表明，15株为诺如病毒，3株为扎如病毒。其中诺如病毒GII／4型11株（11／18，61．11％），GII／7型1株（1／18，5．56％），G1I组未定型3株（3／18，16．67％）。结论人杯状病毒足北京地区肠道门诊就诊腹泻患者的重要病原，主要流行株为诺如病毒G1I／4型。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of human calicivirus infections among diarrhea patients visiting enteric clinics in Beijing. Methods From April 2011 to March 2012, 450 diarrhea patients visiting enteric clinics were investigated in Beijing, and fecal specimens of the patients were collected. Human caliciviruses were detected by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） , and then the PTR products were cloned and sequenced. Results A total of 68 positive cases were detected a- mong 450 patients with diarrhea, with the positive rate of 15.11%. Eighteen PCR products were randomly selected for sequencing. Multi-sequence aligements were performed, and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results showed that 3 strains were sapoviruses and 15 strains were noroviruses, among which 11 strains belonged to norovirus G II/4 （11/18,61.11%）, 1 strains belonged to norovirus G II/7 （1/18,5.56%）, the other 3 strains were not typed （3/18,16. 67% ）. Conclusions Human calicivirus was the important pathogen of diarrhea patients visiting enteric clinics in Beijing, and norovirus GII/4 was the predominant genotype.