北京市朝阳区暗娼人群乙肝防治知识、态度、行为及感染状况调查

A survey of prevention and control knowledge, attitude, behavior and infection status of hepatitis B among female sex workers in Chaoyang District, Beijing

目的通过基线调查，状得北京市朝阳区暗娼人群的乙肝防治知识、态度、行为及乙肝病毒感染状况，对于今后更好地控制辖区乙肝传播以及为制定大城市乙肝防治策略和措施提供依据。方法半年内有商业性行为的暗娼人群，采用娱乐场所分层整群抽样及滚雪球相结合的方法招募调查对象，对研究对象进行一对一的问卷调查，收集一般人口学特征、乙肝相关知识、态度、行为等资料，并进行乙肝抗原抗体检测。结果共调查辖区内暗娼人群1300人，多为20～29岁（76．92％，1000／1300），未婚占54．23％（705／1300），初高中（中专）占80．38％（832／1300），经性途径传播乙肝知晓率为50．92％（662／1300），乙肝疫苗接种及使用安全套的知晓率分别为68．23％（887／1300）和48．31％（628／1300），接种过乙肝疫苗者仅占36．54％（475／1300）。乙肝HBsAg阳比率为2．46％（32／1300）。结论朝阳区暗娼人群乙肝防治知识知晓率低，高危险行为存在，乙肝疫苗接种覆盖率低。我们应加强暗娼人群乙肝感染情况的关注度，加强乙肝防治知识宣传教育，提高乙肝疫苗的接种率。

Objective To conduct a baseline survey of prevention knowledge, attitude, behavior of hepatitis B and hepatitis B virus infection among female sex workers in Chaoyang District, Beijing, better control of hepatitis B transmission in Chaoyang and for further policy making process on hepatitis B control strategies in cities. Methods The female sex workers who had commercial sex within six months large were recruited by combining stratified cluster sampling method and snowball method in entertainment places. One- on-one questionnaire were carried out to collect data of general demographic characteristics, hepatitis B-related knowledge, attitude and behavior. Hepatitis B antigen and antibody were tested. Results A total of 1300 female sex workers were investigated, mostly aged 20 -29 years （76.92% , 1000/1300） , unmarried accounting for 54. 23% （705/1300）, middle and high school （secondary） accounting for 80. 38% （832/ 1300）. Awareness rate of hepatitis B sexual transmission was 50. 92% （662/1300） , and awareness rate of hepatitis B vaccination and condom use were 68.23% and 48.31% （628/1300） respectively. Only 36. 54% （475/1300） had been vaccinated against hepatitis B. HBsAg positive rate was 2.46% （32/ 1300）. Conclusions Both awareness rates of hepatitis B prevention knowledge and hepatitis B vaccination coverage were low. Female sex workers in Chaoyang District have high risk behavior. We should enhance the level of attention to hepatitis B infection among female sex workers; strengthen publicity and education of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge so as to imorove the heoatitis B vaccination rate.