住院精神障碍患者自杀行为危险因素分析

Analysis on risk factors for suicidal behavior among inpatients with mental disorders

目的探讨住院精神障碍患者发生自杀行为的相关危险因素。方法回顾性调查1995年1月至2010年12月解放军第二六一医院18岁以上住院精神病患者的病例资料(共9 473例),分析其发生自杀行为的影响因素,单因素分析采用χ2检验,多因素分析采用非条件logistic回归。结果经非条件logistic回归分析可知,住院患者中有家族史(OR=6.106,95%CI=4.414,8.445),离异或丧偶(OR=1.733,95%CI=1.001,3.001),曾有过治疗的患者(OR=2.775,95%CI=1.795,4.291)较易发生自杀行为;41～60岁年龄组患者发生自杀的可能性低(OR=0.631,95%CI=0.436,0.915)。抑郁症(OR=4.484,95%CI=2.579,7.797),精神分裂症患者(OR=1.757,95%CI=1.124,2.747)发生自杀行为的可能性较高。结论对住院精神障碍患者应及时评估其危险因素,识别危险行为的先兆,对重点患者针对性的实施有效干预。

Objective To explore the risk factors for suicidal behaviors among inpatients with mental disorders. Methods Clinical data on 9473 patients aged 18 and over with mental disorders hospitalized in Beijing 261 Hospital of PLA from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Results Patents who had family history, divorced or widowed and had been treated before were more likely to have suicidal behaviors （OR： 6. 106, 95% CI： 4. 414 8.445）（OR： 1.733, 95%0 CI： 1. 001-3. 001）（OR： 2. 775, 95% CI： 1. 793 4. 291） . While patients aged 41 to 60 years were less likely to suicide （OR： 0. 631, 95% CI：0. 436-0. 915） Also, there was a higher possibility for patients with depression （OR： 4.48, 95% CI： 2. 579 7. 797） or schizophrenia （OR： 1. 757, 95% CI： 1.124 2. 747） to kill themselves. Conclusions A timely evaluation of risk factors for suicidal behaviors among patients with men tal disorder is critical for the effective intervention to protect them.