鸢尾酮的制备

Preparation of lrone

鸢尾酮是从鸢尾植物中提取的鸢尾油的特征香气成分,广泛应用于食品和烟草工业中。鸢尾酮主要有α,β和γ三种异构体。本文概述了鸢尾酮的制备方法,包括植物提取法、生物技术法和化学合成法。植物提取法是获得鸢尾酮最直接和简便的方法,但鸢尾植物资源有限,很难满足市场需求。生物技术法能在温和的条件下制备鸢尾酮,但是稳定的菌种筛选是其面临的主要问题。化学合成法是鸢尾酮的主要制备方法,本文重点综述了以植物次生代谢物和石化产品为原料合成鸢尾酮,并对不同制备方法的优缺点进行了评述。因工艺路线长、反应条件苛刻、产率低,多数合成路线仍处于实验室研究阶段,所以研究合成步骤少,反应条件温和、收率和选择性高的工艺路线成为了急需解决的问题。

Irone is characteristic flavor compound of iris oil extracted from Iris plant,which is widely used in food and tobacco industry.Irone consists of three main isomers（α,β,γ）.Preparation methods of irone were summarized, including extraction from plant,biotechnology method and chemical synthesis method.Irone extracted from Iris plant is the most direct and simple method.However,it is difficult to meet the needs of the market due to limit of Iris plant resource. Irone can be prepared by biotechnology under mild conditions,but screening of stable strains is challenging. Chemical synthesis method is the main preparation method of Irone.This review focused on synthetic methods of irone using plant secondary metabolites and petrochemical product as raw material.The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation were reviewed.Most synthesis is still in the stage of laboratory research,the synthetic process are long and in harsh reaction conditions with low yields.Therefore,synthetic route with less synthetic steps,milder reaction conditions,and higher yield and selectivity will be the future research targets.