兰州铀浓缩厂放射性物质运输环境影响评价(1961～1985年)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR TRANSPORTING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL OF LANZHOU URANIUM ENRICHMENT PLANT(1961～1985)

本文简要介绍了兰州铀浓缩厂 1 96 1～ 1 985年期间放射性物质运输环境影响评价方法和结果。剂量计算采用国际原子能机构 (IAEA)提供给其成员国的 RADTRAN4放射性物质运输引起辐射影响的计算机程序。计算结果表明 ,在 1 96 1～ 1 985年期间的正常运输过程中 ,对机组人员的个人年平均有效剂量当量为 1 5 μSv;对装卸人员为 1 .0 m Sv;对铁路沿线 1 km范围内公众、旅客列车内乘客、运输列车停运期间周围人员的个人年平均有效剂量当量分别为 0 .1 4、1 .0、2 .7μSv。在各类受照人员中 ,装卸人员受照剂量最高 ,但其年平均集体有效剂量当量仅为 7× 1 0 - 3人· Sv。本厂自投产至今从未发生过放射性物质运输事故。可见 ,兰州铀浓缩厂放射性物质运输是安全的 。

This paper briefly presents the environmental impact from transporting radioactive material of Lanzhou Uranium Enrichment Plant from 1961 to 1985. The computer code RADTRAN 4, which is provided by IAEA to its member states, is adopted to calculate dose to personnel. The calculation results show that under normal conditions of transport during 1961~1985, the annual individual dose to crewman is 16 μSv for crewman, to handlers 1.0 mSv. The individual dose to the public over areas of width 1 km on both sides of the railway line, persons in vehicles sharing the transport link with the shipment and populatin around the shipment while stops are 0.14, 1.0, 2.7 μSv per year, respectively. Of which, the exposed dose to handlers is the highest, ist annual average collective effective dose equivalent is only 7×10 -3 man·Sv. No transport accidents have ever happened since the plant was put into production. Thus, the transport of radioactive material of Lanzhou Uranium Enrichment Plant is safe and its environmental impact rather low. (