采场煤壁失稳机理及控制技术研究

Study on Instability Mechanism and Controlling Technology of Coal Wall

基于厚及特厚煤层大采高综放采场煤壁稳定性控制需要,建立了受力压杆模型,定量分析了煤壁破坏机制,提出了从根源上解决煤壁片帮的台阶煤壁采煤方法。研究表明:不同煤层潜在破坏机制不同;中硬煤层二次应力场提供能量转化为侧帮开裂、剥落等脆性开裂,在煤壁中部产生破裂、片帮;软煤层二次应力场提供能量转化为位移或局部弱化,整体表现为整体滑移失稳;现有治理技术对煤壁的作用存在着局部性、滞后性、被动性和危险性;台阶采煤法对煤壁片帮治理有明显效果,可实现安全、高效生产,有利于大采高综放开采技术的推广应用。

Based on the stope coal wall stability control needs of thick and extra-thick seam mining coal in fully mechanized caving mining, the compressive rod model was established and the failure mechanism of coal wall was quantitatively analysed, the bench of coal wall in mining meth ods which can solve the coal wall spalling from the source was put forward. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows： different coal seam has different potential failure mechanisms; the quadratic stress field energy of hard coal seam can translate into side wall cracking, peeling and other brit tle cracking, and cracking or spalling in coal wall of the middle part; the quadratic stress field en ergy of soft seam can translate into displacement or local weakening, performance for the integral slip instability; the existing control technology on the coal wall effect exists locally, hysteresis, passive and dangerous; the bench mining method has obvious effect on the coal wall spalling gov ernance, and it can realize the safe and efficient production, which is in favor of full-mechanized caving mining with large mining height technology popularization and application.