政治参与中的国家权威塑造——新中国成立初期“镇反”运动中的控诉会

The Establishment of State Authority in the Process of Political Participation:the Accusations in the Period of "Suppress Counterrevolutionaries" in Early PRC

新中国成立初期,一场"镇压反革命"运动声势浩大地兴起。按照毛泽东的部署,这场运动还进行了大张旗鼓的社会动员。"控诉会"作为发动民众参与"镇反"的一种有效形式,并非"双十指示"之后立即被广泛采用,而是1951年3月后,在毛泽东的亲自推动下,才在全国大规模地推行。与土改中的"诉苦"类似,在控诉会前,基层政权对苦主的遴选、程序的设置都有着极为严格的要求,这些都体现出了深刻的权力制作痕迹。因此,发动民众参与"镇反"实质上是促使民众参与基层政治,在这个基础上,国家也顺利地实现了政权更迭后的权威塑造。

The early People＇s Republic of China saw the rise of a sweeping campaign called ＂Suppress Counterrevolutionaries＂. The large scale social mobilization was launched in this movement under Mao Zedong＇s directives. The ＂Accusations＂, an effective means in ＂Suppress Counterrevolutionaries＂, wasn＇t widely adopted immediately after the ＂Oct. 10th Directives＂ until Mar. , 1951 when Mao personally pushed it to the whole country. Similar to the ＂Mouthing my Bitternesses＂ in the land reform, the ＂Accusations＂ was strict with the procedure and the choice of complaisants beforehand, showing the influence of power. There- fore, the process of mobilization for masses to participate in the ＂Suppress Counterrevolutionaries＂ was actually to boost them to participate in the local politics, and in turn the new regime achieved its aim of establishing state authority.