论我国教育实施积极差别待遇的动因、措施与正义性

On the Positive Difference Treatment of Education in China: Motivation, Measures and Justice

一个国家或地区的教育在从不均衡到相对均衡发展的过程中,政府通常采用积极差别待遇的策略和手段,对弱势群体(区域、学校、学生群体)实施各种特殊的优惠措施,主要运用"帕累托改进"策略扶持弱势区域,对弱势学校给予政策倾斜,对弱势群体子女给予优惠和救助。积极差别待遇通过实现事实平等和教育总体效益的提高体现其正义性。

When education develops from the imbalance to the relative balance in a country or region, the government usually adopts the positive difference treatment policies and tools to provide a variety of special preferential measures for disadvantaged groups like regions, schools or student groups, among which the main measure is the ＂Pareto improvement＂ aimed at helping the disadvantaged areas, granting beneficial policies to disadvantaged schools and giving preferential treatment and assistance to the children of disadvantaged groups in their education. The positive difference treatment demonstrates its justice through the realistic equality and the overall increased benefits of education.