教育因子弹性的经济拉动效应研究

Research on Economic Pulling Effect about Education Factor Elasticity

教育投资能够提高劳动力的质量,增加劳动者的工作能力、技术水平、熟练程度,从而直接增加生产产值。教育投资能产生两大效应:一是劳动者科学文化技术水平提高而增加劳动者的个人收益;二是劳动者提高劳动生产率,给社会带来经济效益。创造国内生产总值除了劳动因素外,还有资本因素。教育拉动经济发展的因素是多方面的、综合性的,教育作用在劳动者身上,通过活劳动创造价值;劳动者同资本结合,通过物化劳动产生价值。本文收集国内生产总值及劳动、资本投入等数据,借鉴"柯布-道格拉斯生产函数法"构建教育生产函数模型,并进行实证研究。研究的结论是:1990～2009年,我国国内生产总值(GDP)平均增长率为16.37%,资本对GDP的贡献率为51.42%,其拉动率为8.42%(51.42%×16.37%);劳动对GDP的贡献率为51.32%,其拉动率为8.40%。

Education investment can improve labor force quality, increase the working ability of laborer, technology level, proficiency, and finally directly increase production output. Education investment can produce two effects. One is to improve the level of laborer science culture technology will inevitably lead to workers personal income. The other is to improve labor productivity will bring social benefit. Creating GDP factors includes labor element and capital element. Education to promote economic development embodies in many aspects, and it is comprehensive. Education creates value through living labor. Labor and capital are combined, which creates value by materialized labor. The paper collects GDP and labor and capital input data, using the ＂ Cobb -- Douglas production function method＂ to construct the educational production function model. Through the empirical research, We find that from 1990 to 2009 the average growth rate of our country gross domestic product （ GDP ） is 16.37%, in which the capital on the contribution rate is 51.42%, and the pulling rate is 8.42% （51.42% × 16.37% ）; in which labor on the contribution rate is 51.32%, and the Dulling rate is 8.40%.