明清乡绅的教化之道论析

Analysis on the Moralization of the Landed Gentry in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

乡绅概念的界定标准不仅包括功名和财富要素,更在于其作为乡村知识分子教化乡里社会的公共身份。明清时期,乡绅通过编纂家训、组织乡约、诉讼调解和办理学务等方式构建了内容丰富和多元途径的教化之道,不但确保了个体的乡村权威身份,而且由于教化的内容和性质在意识形态上与官方倡导的儒家经典保持一致,从而达到了维护乡村秩序稳定和社会关系和谐的目的。

The concept definition of the landed gentry includes not only the elements of scholarly honor and wealth, but also the public identity as intellectuals educating village society. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the rural gen- try built a rich content and diverse ways of moralization by the methods of compiling family precepts, organizing the convention,mediating the litigation and conducting the school affairs,which not only ensured the village authority i- dentity,but also maintained the rural order stablility and harmonious social relations because of the consistency of the content and nature of moralization with official Confucian classics.