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吗啡、芬太尼与布托啡诺分别用于剖宫产术后硬膜外镇痛的不良反应比较 被引量:6

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摘要 目的观察吗啡、芬太尼与布托啡诺分别用于剖宫产术后硬膜外镇痛的不良反应比较。方法300例ASA分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级在蛛网膜下隙与硬膜外联合阻滞下行子宫下段剖宫产术孕妇,随机双盲分为三组,每组100例,行术后患者自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)。吗啡组:布比卡因150mg+吗啡3mg+0.9%氯化钠配成100ml,负荷量吗啡1mg+布比卡因15mg配成5ml;芬太尼组:布比卡因150mg+芬太尼0.4mg+0.9%氯化钠配成100ml,负荷量芬太尼0.05mg+布比卡因15mg配成5ml;布托啡诺组:布比卡因150mg+布托啡诺3mg+0.9%氯化钠配成100ml,负荷量布托啡诺1mg+布比卡因15mg配成5ml。观察三组镇痛后4、12、24、36和48h的VAS评分及不良反应的发生情况。结果三组孕妇在PCEA期间疼痛程度VAS评分中,吗啡组、芬太尼组、布托啡诺组均取得满意的镇痛效果,三组间比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒、尿潴留发生率吗啡组分别为30%(30/100)、17%(17/100)、22%(22/100)、76%(76/100),高于布托啡诺组的5%(5/100)、3%(3/100)、8%(8/100)、3%(3/100)和芬太尼组的6%(6/100)、4%(4/100)、10%(10/100)、17%(17/100),吗啡组与布托啡诺组和芬太尼组比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05或〈0.01);而在呼吸抑制发生率上芬太尼组[17%(17/100)]高于吗啡组[9%(9/100)]和布托啡诺组[3%(3/100)],三组间比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05或〈0.01)。首次肛门排气时间吗啡组[(46.7±7.2)h]比布托啡诺组[(27.7±7.4)h]、芬太尼组[(26.3±8.5)h]延迟(P〈0.01),布托啡诺组与芬太尼组比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论硬膜外镇痛采用布托啡诺在促进胃肠功能恢复及减少不良反应等方面都具有一定的优越性。
出处 《中国医师进修杂志》 2012年第33期54-55,共2页 Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
基金 温州市泰顺县科技局资助项目[(2011)34号]
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