MTX治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病的研究进展

The progress of MTX in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

MTX为抗叶酸类抗代谢药,是临床上治疗各种恶性肿瘤常用化疗药物之一,有很强的免疫抑制作用。它选择性作用于急性淋巴细胞白血病细胞阻止免疫母细胞分裂增殖,同时对体液免疫和细胞免疫均有抑制作用。急性淋巴细胞白血病患者接受MTX治疗后肿瘤细胞易产生耐药与转移复发。本文就MTX治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病作用机制、剂量和作用时间选择、DNA甲基化水平变化、EGFR基因和侵袭转移的关系进行综述。

Methotrexate（MTX）, a kind of anti-folate and antimetabolite medicine, is one of the commonly used chemotherapy drugs to treat malignant tumor which has a strong immunosuppressive effect. It is selective for acute lymphoid leukemia cells to prevent the proliferation of immunoblastic and inhibit the humoral and cellular immune responses. Tumor cells are prone to resistance and transfer recurrence after the acute lymphoid leukemia patients accept MTX treatment. This paper mainly reviewed the relationship between the mechanism, the dose, the timing selection, the level of DNA methylation and EGFR gene with the transfer and invasion on MTX treatment in acute lymphoid leukemia.