百花山自然保护区森林群落碳储量计算方法的研究

Estimation methods in predicting carbon stock of forest communities in the natural reserve of Baihua mountain

【目的】探讨生物量转换因子法、材积源生物量法和生物量清单法在小尺度范围内计算森林群落碳储量的可行性,确定影响林分碳储量的群落结构参数。【方法】以样地调查数据为基础,采用一元材积表法和平均实验形数法计算针叶林和阔叶林的蓄积量,然后分别采用生物量转换因子法、材积源生物量法和生物量清单法估算2种林分的碳储量。【结果】在百花山自然保护区,采用一元材积表法和平均实验形数法计算的人工针叶林、次生阔叶林的蓄积量分别为148.78和169.98m3/hm2、106.82和120.30m3/hm2,以这2种蓄积量结果为基础,采用3种碳计量方法求得针叶林的平均碳储量分别为71.58和80.50t/hm2,阔叶林为49.74和55.19t/hm2;在针叶林的碳储量估算结果中,生物量转换因子法和生物量清单法显著高于材积源生物量法,三者间的变异系数达14.81%(材积表法)～16.68%(形数法);在阔叶林的碳储量估算结果中,3种方法间虽没有显著差异,但变异系数也达到5.65%(材积表法)～6.40%(形数法)。【结论】生物量转换因子法、材积源生物量法和生物量清单法可用于小尺度范围内森林群落碳储量的估算,其估算结果不受蓄积量计算方法的影响,树高、胸径和基盖度是影响林分碳储量估算的关键参数。

【Objective】 This study probed into the feasibility of calculating carbon stock of small-scale forest communities using biomass expansion factor,biomass estimation from forest communities volume,and biomass estimation from wood concentration and determined the critical parameters controlling the carbon stock.【Method】 Single entry volume table method and averaged experimental form factor method were used to calculate the volumes of coniferous plantation and secondary broadleaf forest based on field data.Then the carbon stocks were estimated using biomass expansion factor method,biomass estimation from forest volume method and biomass estimation from wood concentration method based on each forest community.【Result】 In the natural reserve of Baihua mountain,the volumes calculated by single entry volume table method and averaged experimental form factor method ranged from 148.78 to 169.98 m3/hm2 for coniferous plantation and from 106.82 to 120.30 m3/hm2 for regenerated broadleaf forest.The average carbon storages of coniferous plantation were from 71.58 to 80.50 t/hm2,while that of secondary broadleaf forest were from 49.74 to 55.19 t/hm2.Additionally,the carbon storages of coniferous community calculated by biomass expansion factor method and biomass calculation from wood concentration method were significantly higher than the results of biomass calculation from forest stand volume method,and the differences were up to 14.81%（single entry volume table method）and 16.68%（averaged experimental form factor method）.Although no difference was detected among the estimated carbon storages for secondary broadleaf forest,the differences were about 5.65%（single entry volume table method）and 6.40%（averaged experimental form factor method）.【Conclusion】 It was proved that these three methods can be used to estimate the carbon stock at the forest community scale,and the estimated values would not be influenced by volume calculation methods.Height,diameter at breast height（DBH）and basal area are the key factors that affect the calculated carbon storages.