组织工程心脏瓣膜支架材料的研究和展望

Progress and prospect of scaffold materials for tissue-engineered heart valves

背景:当前应用于临床的生物瓣和机械瓣都存在着一定缺陷,而组织工程心脏瓣膜将避免这些问题成为理想的生物瓣膜替代物。目的:综述近年来组织工程心脏瓣膜支架材料的研究进展及面临的问题。方法:应用计算机检索1990至2011年万方数据库相关文章,检索词为"组织工程,心脏瓣膜,支架材料",并限定文章语言种类为中文。同时计算机检索1990至2011年PubMed数据库相关文章,检索词为"tissueengineering,heartvalve,scaffoldmaterials",并限定文章语言种类为English。共检索到文献147篇,最终纳入符合标准的文献61篇。结果与结论:人工心脏瓣膜置换是目前治疗心脏瓣膜性病变的主要外科治疗手段,但现有机械瓣和生物瓣都不是理想的心脏瓣膜置换物,在耐久性,增长潜力,相容性,抗感染方面有着显著的缺陷。组织工程心脏瓣膜是一个活体器官,并具有和自体心脏瓣膜同样的生长,修复和重建能力,这一新概念的提出为构建理想的心脏瓣替换物带来了希望。

BACKGROUND： The mechanical and biological valves currently available for clinical use have crucial limitations. But tissue-engineered heart valves can avoid these problems and become an ideal substitute for biological valves. OBJECTIVE： To review the progress in the research of scaffold materials for tissue-engineered heart valves METHODS： A computer-based online search of Wanfang and PubMed databases from 1990 to 2011 was conducted. The key words were ＂tissue engineering, heart valve, scaffold materials＂ in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 147 articles were retrieved, and finally 61 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： At present, heart valve replacement is the primary surgical treatment for heart valve diseases. Neither mechanical nor biologic heart valve is an ideal substitute, which has significant limitations in terms of durability, growth potential, compatibility, resistance to infection. However, the tissue-engineered heart valve that is a living organ with the capability for growth, repair and remodeling in the same way that the native heart valve does has the potential to be an ideal valve substitute.