能量代谢实验室的构建与特色

Construction and characteristics of an energy metabolism laboratory

背景:由于问卷调查法等测定人体能量消耗的方法存在局限性以及易受到不确定因素的影响,所以目前国际上又将能量代谢实验室作为测定人体能耗的"金标准"。目的:主要介绍国外能量代谢实验室的构建,定标方法以及使用能量代谢实验室进行研究的情况与进展。方法:由第一作者检索1900至2010年PubMed数据有关能量代谢实验室方面的文献,英文检索词为"metabolic chamber,energy consumption"。排除重复性研究。计算机初检得到70篇文献,根据纳入标准保留41篇进一步归纳总结。结果与结论:目前国际上使用的测定人体能量消耗的方法主要有能量代谢实验室,双标水,加速度计以及便携式气体分析仪等。能量代谢实验室作为测定人体能耗的"金标准",可以快速、准确地评价体力活动。文章主要从能量代谢实验室的构建,应用能量代谢实验室进行的研究(包括饮食、运动、人种的能量代谢、女性能量代谢、非体力活动和低温时能耗)等方面进行了相关叙述。

BACKGROUND：Many methods about the determination of energy consumption in human have limitations and are vulnerably affected by uncertainty factors,such as questionnaire investigation methods.Therefore,the energy metabolism laboratory acts as a ＂golden standard＂ for determining human energy consumption in the world recently.OBJECTIVE：To introduce the construction of energy metabolism laboratory,scaling methods and research progresses by using energy metabolism at abroad.METHODS：PubMed database was retrieved online by the first author for the papers concerning construction and application of the energy metabolism laboratory from 1900 to 2010.The key words for retrieve were ＂metabolic chamber,energy consumption＂ in English.Repetitive content was excluded,and totally 41 papers were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：At present,there are several methods for determining energy consumption in human,such as doubly labeled water,portable gas analyzer and accelerometer methods.As the ＂golden standard＂ of the determination of human energy consumption,energy metabolism laboratory can evaluate physical activity rapidly and correctly.This article has related the construction of energy metabolism laboratory and the researches applied by energy metabolism laboratory,including diet,sport,racial energy metabolism,female energy metabolism,non-manual activity and energy consumption at low temperature.