感音神经性耳聋患儿和正常儿童内耳解剖径线MRI测量对比研究

Comparative Study of MRI Measurements of Children with and without Sensorineural Hearing Loss

目的比较感音神经性耳聋患儿和正常儿童内耳解剖结构径线,并建立正常儿童内耳解剖结构径线正常值。资料与方法 47例极重度双侧感音神经性耳聋患儿(研究组)及19例正常儿童(对照组)分别采用MRI测量内耳解剖结构各重要径线,包括前半、后、外半规管高度及管径、耳蜗高度、耳蜗底周直径及管径,并进行比较,观察各径线与年龄、性别的相关性。结果研究组前半规管和后半规管高度、后半规管和外半规管管径均小于对照组(P<0.05),其余径线组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组前半规管高度(5.25±0.50)mm、管径(0.91±0.13)mm,后半规管高度(5.16±0.73)mm、管径(1.09±0.22)mm,外半规管高度(3.38±0.55)mm、管径(0.93±0.21)mm,耳蜗高度(3.77±0.35)mm,耳蜗底周直径(6.88±0.52)mm、管径(2.15±0.26)mm。各径线与年龄无明显相关;研究组前、后半规管高度及耳蜗底周管径性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组前、后、外半规管高度及外半规管管径性别间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论感音神经性耳聋患儿与正常儿童前、后半规管高度及后、外半规管管径存在差异,MRI作为一种无创性检查,具有较高的软组织分辨率,对感音神经性耳聋患儿的诊断极为重要。

Purpose To compare the cochlea of normal children and that of sensorineural hearing loss （SNHL） children by using MRI, and to establish the normal criteria. Materials and Methods Forty-seven children with severe SNHL were recruited in the study. 19 normal children were recruited as controls. All the structures and radial lines of inner ear were measured by MRI and compared between the two groups, and the relationship between different radial lines and different ages as well as genders were analyzed. Results The height of upper and posterior semicircular canal, and the vestibule vertical diameter of lateral and posterior semicircular canal were smaller of the children with SNHL than that of the control group （P0.05）. For the normal children, the height of upper, lateral and posterior semicircular canal were （5.25±0.50） mm, （3.38±0.55） mm and （5.16±0.73） mm, respectively. The diameter of upper, lateral and posterior semicircular canal were （0.91±0.13） mm, （0.93±0.21） mm and （1.09±0.22） mm, respectively. The cochlea height was （3.77±0.35） mm, the external diameter of cochlea basal turn was （6.88±0.52） mm, and the diameter of cochlea basal turn was （2.15±0.26） mm. No correlation between each line and age was observed. The study group showed statistical differences in the height of upper and posterior semicircular canal and diameter of cochlea basal turn between different genders （P0.05）; control group showed statistical differences in the height of upper, posterior, lateral semicircular canal, and diameter of lateral semicircular canal between different genders （P0.05）. Conclusion Height of the upper and posterior semicircular canal, and the vestibule vertical diameter of lateral and posterior semicircular canal of the children with SNHL are smaller than that of the control group. As being a noninvasive measurement with high tissue resolution, MRI is important in diagnosing sensorineural hearing loss.