安徽江淮油茶‘凤阳1～6号’选优初报

A preliminary report on selection and breeding of 'Fengyang 1-6' Camellia oleifera in Jianghuai region of Anhui Province

为了解决安徽江淮地区无油茶良种推广的问题,自2007年以来,在安徽油茶分布的最北缘凤阳县,开展油茶优树选育工作。经过资源调查、初选、复选后,于2011年筛选出‘凤阳1～6号’6个油茶优良单株。这6个优良单株平均单果质量为16.99 g,平均株产量9.62 kg,鲜出籽率为45.22%,干籽率为62.41%,出仁率为69.17%,仁含油率为51.45%,果油率为10.17%,不饱和脂肪酸含量为90.3%,单位产油量0.13 kg/m2,各项指标均达到我国油茶优树的选择标准。该系列油茶优树的选出为安徽江淮地区乃至我国油茶分布的北缘地带发展油茶提供了良种培育的基础。

In order to solve the problem of no superior trees of Camellia oleifera in Jianghuai region,selecting and breeding superior trees of Camellia oleifera have been conducted in the most northern edge（Fengyang county） of the distribution of Camellia oleifera in Anhui Province since 2007.Six superior individuals（＇Fengyang 1-6＇） of C.oleifera were selected out in 2011 through a process of resource investigation,primary,checking and final selection.The average single fruit weight,fruit weight per plant,fresh seed rate,dry seed rate,kernel percent,solvent extraction of oil in kernel,solvent extraction of oil in fruit,unsaturated fatty acids contents and oil output per unit area of these six superior individuals were 16.99 g,9.62 kg,45.22%,62.41%,69.17%,51.45%,10.17%,90.3% and 0.13 kg/m2 respectively,all of which achieved the standard of selecting C.oleifera superior trees in China.These superior individual plants provided a basis for developing elite varieties in Jianghuai region of Anhui Province and other regions with similar ecotype in China.