冯梦龙《太平广记钞》的删订与评点

Emendations and Comments in Feng Menglong's Taiping Guangji Chao

冯梦龙认为《太平广记》卷帙浩漫、流传不广、明朝刻本校刻不精,于是将原本500卷合并为80卷、字数删减到原书的一半,并加上评点,命名为《太平广记钞》。该书选辑了释道人物的传记和传说,加上批语,提出"三教不妨并存",重视释道的劝善功能,但决不能喧宾夺主,亵渎儒家先师的形象,对释道的一些教义、教规并不认同,时有异议。冯梦龙以史家的眼光,对历史人物进行评价,尤其是对历代荒唐、残暴的皇帝予以严厉的批评。作为一位小说家,冯梦龙敏锐地发现小说创作中一些带有规律性的问题,对世风与小说创作之关系有精辟的论述,对小说人物的特点与成就予以充分肯定。在评点中,冯梦龙还借古讽今,对明代社会中存在的丑恶现象提出批评。

In Feng Menglong＇s opinion, the original Taiping and its block-printed edition made in the Ming Dynasty was densed its original 500 volumes into 80 volumes, and cut the wrote comments for the new collection, entitled Taiping legends of Buddhists and Taoists. In his comments, he Guangji was too voluminous to be popularized, not precise and exquisite. Therefore, he con- number of words nearly by half. In addition, he Guangji Chao, in which he selected biographies and put forth the idea that Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism could coexist, which meant that teachings of Buddhism and Taoism should be attached importance to, but the image of the Great Sage of Confucius should not be blasphemed. He did not identify with some doc- trines and disciplines of Buddhism and Taoism, and often offered his criticisms. He evaluated historical figures from a historical perspective, and criticized ridiculous and tyrannical emperors severely. As a novelist, Feng discovered the law of novel writing with brilliant insights, gave revealing comments on the relationship between public morals and novels, and acknowledged the achievements made in the characterization of the collected no- vels. In these comments, through criticizing the past, he alluded to the social evils in the Ming Dynasty.