戴侗《六书故》所见宋代温州方音三例

Three Examples of Song Dynasty's Wenzhou Dialects in Dai Tong's Liushugu (《六书故》)

《六书故》的作者戴侗是永嘉(今浙江省温州市)人,该书多次提到"温人"、"瓯人"、"瓯越人"的方言,有对宋代温州方音的如实记录,如[人]"瓯人呼若能"、[母亲]用"莫假切"、[眙]读为"丑吏切"等。这些宋代方音有的仍一直沿用到现代温州方言,在研究温州方言的发展历史方面具有重要价值。

Dai Tong who is the writer ofLiushugu （ 《六书故》 ） came from Yongjia （today＇s Wenzhou city）. In the book, dialects of ＂Wen （温）＂, ＂Ou （瓯）＂ and ＂Ouyue （瓯越）＂ were mentioned many times, and some linguistic features of Wenzhou dialects in Song Dynasty were faithfully recorded. In the record, there were 3 typical examples： ＂Ren （人）＂ was pronounced as ＂Neng＂, ＂Muqin （母亲）＂ was pronounced as Fanqie （反切, traditional Chinese spelling system in which two characters are used, the first one for the onset, the second one for rime and tone） of ＂Mojia （莫假）＂, and pronunciation of ＂Chi （眙）＂ was Fanqie of ＂Chouli （丑吏）＂. Some Song Dynasty＇s pronunciations were followed by later generations and could be heard in modem Wenzhou dialects. In a word, the linguistic features of Wenzhou dialects which were recorded by Dai Tong have important value in studying on the development history of Wenzhou dialects.