论“贫女诗”与唐代社会变革

Study on Relations between “Poems about Impoverished Women” and Society Changes of Tang Dynasty

"贫女诗"是唐代中后期较为集中地出现的诗歌主题。根据诗歌文本与作者的写作意图,"贫女诗"可分为白描"贫女难嫁"和隐喻"寒士难举"两种类型。"贫女难嫁"和"寒士难举"现象具有深刻的社会历史根源,并且都与唐代社会变革密切相关:"贫女难嫁"是唐代社会结构变动、士族门阀走向解体对人们婚姻观念的影响,"寒士难举"则反映了科举制替代官僚世袭制的变革。

In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, theme of ＂poems about impoverished women＂ was a poem theme often introduced. According to poetic text and poet＇s creation intention, ＂poems about impoverished women＂ could be divided into two typical types （direct description of ＂impoverished woman was difficult to marry＂ and metaphorized description of ＂poor scholar was difficult to pass the Imperial Competitive Examination＂）. The two phenomena had its profound social and historical roots, and were closely related to social changes in the Tang Dynasty. Phenomenon of ＂impoverished woman was difficult to marry＂ was caused by the influence of Tang Dynasty＇s social structure changing and on-going deconstruction of gentry clans on common marriage ideas. And the phenomenon of ＂poor scholar was difficult to pass the Imperial Competitive Examination＂ reflected the reform of replacing system of hereditary bureaucrat with imperial examination system.