基于多源数据的月球大地构造纲要图编制:以LQ-4地区为例

Compilation of the lunar geotectonic outline map based on multisource data:A case study of LQ-4 Area

月球表面的地质构造要素主要包括环形构造、线性构造、地体构造及大型盆地构造等。月球大地构造纲要图从物质组成、构造要素、构造单元上对月表的构造状态进行全面的梳理、统计和分析。利用CE-1CCD 2C像数据、LROC宽视角影像数据、CE-1IIM 2C干涉成像光谱仪数据、Clementine紫外可见光影像数据、LOLA激光高度计数据识别月球表面各类矿物组分、线形构造、环形构造、火山构造和穹窿构造以及确定构造要素和构造单元的时代、古老撞击坑和大型盆地边界以及对月球表面撞击坑形态、大小、分布、密度及月球断裂和环形影像解译,充分认识月表基本情况,精细划分月表构造地貌单元,综合利用上述分析结果与国际上研究的进展,确定大地构造区划的基本原则,厘定月表重大构造事件与演化序列。依据岩石、月壤、构造地貌与构造形迹的综合分类,拟定大地构造区划的图例、图识规范,确定不同类型环形构造影像、线性构造影像、高地、盆地和月海等大地构造单元,进而编制大地构造区划图,并对重点区域构造形迹进行研究。虹湾区域(LQ-4)月球数字构造编图研究,充分借鉴国际行星地质编图的已有技术标准和规范,结合国内数字地质编图的技术标准和规范,建立了中国自己的月球与行星地质编图标准、规范和制图流程,也为最终完成月球大地构造区划提供地貌和构造方面的基础信息。

Geologic tectonic elements on the lunar surface typically include ring structures,linear structures,geologic body structures and large basin structures.The lunar geotectonic outline map combs,counts and analyzes the tectonic status on the lunar surface from the material composition,tectonic elements and tectonic units.First,CE-1 CCD 2C image data,LROC broad-view image data,CE-1 IIM 2C interference imaging spectrometer data,Clementine ultraviolet-visible spectrometer image data and LOLA laser altimeter data are used to identify the mineral components,linear structures,ring structures,volcanic structures and dome structures on the lunar surface,to determine the era of the geotectonic elements and tectonic units,to identify the boundaries of old impact craters and large basins,to interpret the shape,size,distribution and density of the impact craters on the lunar surface,and to interpret the lunar rupture and ring images.This research has referred to and compared the international research improvements in determining the fundamentals of tectonic division and in determining the major tectonic events on the lunar surface and their evolution sequence.Thus a substantial understanding of the basic conditions on the surface is obtained.Then,relying on the classification of rocks,lunar soil,tectonic geomorphology and tectonic traces,the legends and icons for the geotectonic division are specified,and geotectonic units including different types of ring images,linear images,highlands,basins and mares are identified,then a geotectonic division map is developed,and the tectonic traces in key regions are investigated.This study includes the digital lunar tectonic mapping of Sinus Iridum（LQ-4）,developing China＇s own geologic mapping code,standard and process flow of the moon and planets by reference to the existing international technical codes and standards regarding the geologic mapping of the planets.Furthermore,this research offers basic physiognomy and tectonics information for final completion of the lunar geotectonic division.