后现代哲学视野下的语言学前沿——体验人本观与认知语言学

Linguistics Frontier in the View of Postmodern Philosophy:Embodied Humenism and Cognitive Linguistics

本文反思了传统人本观、近现代人本观、激进人本观和悲观人本观(后人道主义)之不足,且基于后现代哲学中的知觉现象学、建构互动论、内部实在论、体验哲学等提出了具有建设性特征的"体验人本观"。当前语言学理论正是在此基础上批判了索绪尔结构主义和乔姆斯基转换生成论的失误之处,顺应时代趋势发展出认知语言学派,终将落后于文学和译学的语言学研究导入后现代哲学潮流,走出了客观主义语言学的老套路。隐喻认知理论也应运而生。据此,语言来自人类的感知体验和认知加工,是主客观因素共同作用的产物。

Upon the reflection of traditional, early-modern and modern, radical and pessimistic （post-humanism） humanism, this paper proposes ＂Embodied Humenism （ EH ）＂, which carries the feature of construction in the late postmodernism, based on perceptual phenomenology, constructive interactionism, internal realism, embodied philosophy, etc. EH has become the foundation for the contemporary linguistics to criticize Saussurean Structuralism and Chomskyan TG, thus establishing the development tendency of today ＂s Cognitive Linguistics , and leading linguistics out of objectivism into postmodernism after literature and translatology. The cognitive theory of metaphor is also the outcome of this trend. Language is the product of perceptual embodiment and cognitive processing, involving both objective and subjective factors.