我国农民工教育培训需求确定与补贴提供机制探讨

The Determination of Migrant Workers' Needs for Education and Training and the Subsidy Provision Mechanism in China

农民工作为一个特殊的劳动力群体,其教育培训产生的巨大效益,社会各界已形成共识。农民工教育培训需求是在需要基础上有支付能力的部分,农民工教育需求分为个人需求、社区需求和国家需求。农民工教育培训具有正外部性,即提高农民工的知识和能力素养,同时农民工得到教育培训后,会提高社会的物质资本生产力,提高国民整体生活水平。从国家整体利益出发,国家和社区对农民工教育培训具有需求,应当对农民工教育培训提供补贴。因此,适宜采用公共和个人联合供给且联合融资模式,实行国家补贴机制。建议采用失业保险制度,构建待遇规范模型评估指标体系,采用AHP方法,建立农民工教育培训补贴制度,以促进就业和预防失业。

The huge benefits of education and training of migrant workers as a special labor group has been recognized by the whole society. Migrant workers＂ needs for education and training is the affordable part of their basic needs and can be divided into individual needs, the needs of the community and the needs of the country. Education and training of migrant workers has positive externalities, namely to improve not only the knowledge and capabilities of migrant workers, but also social productivity of physical capital and the living standards of the nation. For national interests, the nation and the community should subsidize the education and training of migrant workers. Therefore, it is appropriate to adopt the public and private joint-supply and co-financing mode and the state subsidy mechanism. To build the subsidy system for the education and training of migrant workers, it is suggested that the unemployment insurance fund be used, the evaluation index system for treatment specification mode be constructed, and the AHP method be applied, in order to promote employment and prevent unemployment.