清代郭麐与姚鼐、袁枚交游及早期文学思想形成考论

Discussion on Guo Lin's Companionship with Yao Nai,Yuan Mei and His Early Literary Ideology

针对学界对郭麐皆从师姚鼐、袁枚的说法,本文通过厘清郭麐与姚、袁二人的交游情况,认为姚鼐为郭麐业师,而与袁枚无正式的师生关系。在文学上,郭麐对袁枚"性灵"说多所继承,对姚鼐的桐城文法和诗法则有微言,在对二人文学主张的取舍中形成崇尚性情、追求自然、卓然自立的早期文学思想。这种文学思想的形成与其自负、自立的个性和对乾嘉时期桐城文派的理性估衡有着莫大的关系。

This paper aims to clarify Guo Lin＇s scholastic activities with Yao Nai and Yuan Mei, and concluded that Yao was Guo Lin＇s teacher and advisor, while he had no formal student-teacher relationship with Yuan. Guo Lin mostly inherited Yuan＇s Xingling 性灵 （Native Sensibility） in literary practice, however, he disagreed with Yao＇s Tongcheng prose and poetry style. Influenced by these two scholars＇ literary view- points, Guo formed his unique literary ideology, characterized by worshiping Native Sensibility, pursing na- ture, independence. There is a strong connection between the formation of literary ideology; egotistic and in- dependent character j and rational evaluation of Tongeheng School during Qianlong and Jiaqing periods.