黄花岗起义姚雨平胡毅陈炯明避战考实

A Research on the reasons of Yao Yu-Ping,Hu Yi-Sheng,Chen Jiong-Ming three-way Revolutionary Army's Avoiding Fighting during the Huanghuagang Uprising

辛亥黄花岗起义是集同盟会精英的破釜沉舟之役,一直被视为辛亥革命的重要前奏。起义爆发时原定姚雨平、胡毅、陈炯明三路选锋未能行动,致使黄兴一部孤军奋战,可谓是导致起义失败的重要原因。关于姚、胡、陈三路选锋未能行动的原因历有争论,总体而言可分为两种主要观点,即"因故愆期说"和"有意避战说"。本文主要从忆述史料的细节处入手,从对姚、胡、陈三路选锋起义时之情状的逐一详细分析以及对胡汉民之伪说的甄别与反驳,多方面论证了姚、胡、陈三路之未动无故可因,无期可愆,纯系有意避战,所谓"因故愆期说"实不足信。故而从一定程度上纠正了持"因故愆期说"史书的不实记述,弥补了以往持"有意避战说"史书皆有论无据的缺憾。

1911 Huanghuagang Uprising is the tenth anti- armed uprising led by Dr. Sun Yat- sen. It is usually taken as an important prelude to the Revolution of 1911. There has been a controversy on the rea- sons that Yao, Hu and Chen failed to take action when the uprising broke out and left the Huang Xing Revolu- tionary Army fighting alone. Based on the analysis of historical materials, this paper aims to prove that Yao, Hu and Chen Revolutionary Armies avoided taking action in the uprising on purpose.