护士引导的健步走对社区老年高血压的干预效果研究

The Application of Nurse Lead Brisk Walking Intervention on Treatment and Prevention of Hypertension among Community Old People

目的探索由护士引导的健步走干预社区老年高血压的方法,评价其效果,为社区运动干预老年高血压的实践提供一定指导。方法选取宁夏银川市两个经济水平、地理位置无明显差异的社区,进行系统的高血压知识健康教育后,各随机抽取45位高血压患者。然后将两个社区随机分为干预社区和对照社区。干预社区采取由护士引导的,运用社会认知理论及个体化运动处方的健步走干预,对照社区采用现有的高血压社区干预模式,6个月后比较其效果。两组均保持原有的饮食习惯及高血压用药。结果干预组运动依从性、高血压分级、血压控制效果均好于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组患者生活质量的生理症状、睡眠状况因子和压抑因子的得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护士引导的健步走对提高社区老年高血压患者的运动依从性效果良好,对Ⅰ、Ⅱ级高血压的控制起到良好的辅助作用,对生活质量的提高效果显著,尤其是睡眠状况改善。

Objective To explore the method of nurse lead brisk walking on treatment of hypertension among community old people, to evaluate the results and to provide evidence for further guide on the practice of physical activity intervention on treatment of hypertension among community old people. Methods Two communities were selected as research communities which were no obvious differences economically and geographically in Yinchuan. 45 hypertensive subjects were randomly selected in each of the community according to the included criteria and excluded criteria. The two communities were randomly selected as intervention community and control community. The intervention community was applied nurse lead brisk walking intervention, and the intervention used social cognitive theory as intervention theory and made brisk walking plan for every subject. The control community was applied the normal hypertension intervention now applying in other communities. The effects of the interventions were compared after 6 months. The subjects were all kept the eating habits as usual and ate the same anti -hypertension medications. Results Compared with control group, the exercise adherence, the classification of high blood pressure and the control effects of blood pressure of the intervention group were significantly better （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with control group, the scores of the sleep dysfunction, eantly improve the compliance of physical activity first level and second level hypertension. It could improve the quality of life, especially the sleep dysfunction.