中国制造业集聚机制再研究——基于内生交易成本视角

Further Study on Agglomeration Mechanism of China′s Manufacturing Industry——Analysis of Institutional Factors in View of Endogenous Transaction Cost

论文将内生交易成本嵌入到新经济地理模型中,分析内生交易成本对企业生产区位选择的作用机理,以此阐明区域制度安排通过内生交易成本作用于产业集聚形成与变迁的微观机制。论文以中国制造业地域分布为分析对象,实证分析以内生交易成本为基础的制度安排对产业集聚的影响。研究表明:内生交易成本是企业选择生产区位的重要因素,在地区的外生交易成本、地区支出水平和市场规模一定的条件下,内生交易成本的降低,有助于促使企业向该地区迁移并加快产业在该地区的集聚;一个地区对生产者保护程度越高、投资政策越宽松、贸易政策越自由、劳动力流动管制越少以及企业融资越便利,越能吸引制造业整体向该地区迁移与集聚。因此,为了加快现代工业化进程和促进区域之间的协调发展,必须发挥"内生比较优势"和"外生比较优势"的双重效应,促进产业的"双向转移与集聚",优化本国产业的空间结构。

The paper introduced endogenous transaction cost to the model of new economic geography and analyzed the mechanism of endogenous transaction cost impacting on the production location decision of enterprises to clarify the micro - mechanism of regional institutional arrangements for the forming and changing of industrial agglomeration. Then the article empirically ana- lyzed the influences of institutions on the manufacturing industrial agglomeration from Chinese district level Study showed that the endogenous transaction cost was an important factor for en- terprises to choose the production location. Under the conditions of a certain regional exogenous transaction cost, level of expenditures and regional market size, endogenous transaction cost re- duction help to promote enterprises to migrate to the area and thus speed up the regional industri- al agglomeration; the higher a region＇ s protection to producers was, the freer investment and trade policies were, the less control of labor mobility was, and the more conveniently corporate financing was, then the more easily manufacturing industry agglomeration was attracted. Therefore, in order to speed up the process of modern industrialization and promote coordinated development among regions, China must play dual effects of the endogenous comparative advantage and exogenous comparative advantage, and optimize the spatial structure of the industries.