“健康教育和随访机制”系统干预冠心病危险因素效益评估

Assessment on effectiveress of Health Education and Follow-up Mechanism System in intervention of coronary beart disease risk factors

目的探讨健康教育和随访在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病,CHD)危险因素干预中的作用。方法观察参加健康教育和随访的600例冠心病患者或冠心病危险因素高危者主观和客观指标的改变。结果 (1)主观指标:患者对健康的认识程度由20%增加到87%,锻炼身体时间达标率由34%增加到76%,认识到吸烟的危害性并已经戒烟者由15%增加到56%,坚持按照医嘱服药者由16%增加到88%,展开随访后患者对健康教育的认知度明显较随访前提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)客观指标:随访期间急性冠状动脉事件发生率由20%减至8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);因急性冠状动脉事件住院次数大于2次的患者由40%降至15%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);血压、血脂达标率由12%增加到75%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过健康教育和随访干预冠心病危险因素,可以很大程度地提高患者的生活质量,防止并发症发生。

Objective To investigate the effect of health education and follow up in the intervention of coronary heart disease（CHD） risk factors.Methods The changes of subjective and objective indicators in 600 cases of CHD paticipating in the health education and follow up were observed.Results（1）The subjective indicators：the recognition degree of health was increased from 20% to 87%,the standard-reaching rate of exercise time was increased from 34% to 76%.The individuals recognizing smoking harmness and quitting smoking were increased from 15% to 56% and those took medication on priscription were increased from 16% to 88%.The recognition degree on health education after conducting follow up in the patients were obviously enhanced than before follow up,differences showing statistical significance（all P0.05）.（2）The objective indicators：the occurrence rate of acute coronary events during follow-up period was decreased from 20% to 8%,with statistical difference（P0.01）.The patients with more than 2 times hospitalization due to acute coronary events were decreased from 40% to 15%,with statistical difference（P0.01）.The standard-reaching rate of blood pressure and blood lipid was increased from 12% to 75%,with statistical difference（P0.05）.Conclusion Intervention of the CHD risk factors by the health education and follow up can greatly improve the quality of life of patients and prevent the occurrence of complications.