上海市嘉定区产妇孕产期保健知信行分析

Analysis on knowledge,attitudes and practices among lying-in women during pregnant period in Jiading District of Shanghai

目的分析上海市嘉定区产妇在孕产期各时期保健知识、认知态度和行为现状,为探索孕产期保健干预策略研究提供依据。方法借鉴健康教育的"知信行"理论,自行设计调查问卷,对上海市嘉定区4个社区的产妇进行了孕产期保健现状调查,分析比较产妇在孕产期各时期保健的知信行情况。结果产妇对各时期保健的知识知晓率均>93.0%;产妇对各时期保健的正确态度形成率均>98.0%;产妇对各时期保健的正确行为持有率均>76.0%,其中孕前保健(76.5%)、参加孕妇学校(89.1%)和产时自然分娩(78.6%)是持有率较低的行为;产后42 d去医院健康检查(86.5%)则是产妇态度重视但又未能很好付诸实施的行为。产妇的孕产期保健知识、态度和行为具有正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论上海市嘉定区产妇的孕产期保健知信行结果总体良好,但仍需逐步提高孕产妇的自我管理能力,强化全流程的孕产期保健健康教育。

Objective To investigate knowledge, attitudes and practice （KAP） among lying-in women in dif- ferent pregnant period in Jiading District of Shanghai, and provide evidence for prevention interventions on maternal health care. Methods Based on KAP theory of health education, self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate KAP of ly- ing-in women in various stages and their maternal health care. Results Lying-in women had good at maternal health care knowledge, the awareness rate was over 93.0%, and the formation rate was over 98.0%. The prevalence of maternal care behaviors was over 76.0%. Preconception care （76. 5% ） and participation in pregnant school （89. 1% ） and natural delivery （78. 6% ） were the lowest among maternal health care behaviors. Meanwhile, the examination after 42 days post- partum （86. 5% ） had become great importance for lying-in women which can not be carried out well. And there had a positive correlation among knowledge and attitude and practice on maternal health care among lying-in women （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusion The systematicness of maternal health care should be improved for lying-in women to promote their ability and manage their health behavior.