北京市昌平区居民传染病健康素养现况研究

Status of infectious diseases health literacy among residents in Changping District,Beijing

目的了解北京市昌平区居民的传染病健康素养水平,为制定卫生政策和干预策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取调查对象,进行传染病健康素养问卷调查,应用SPSS 18.0软件进行数据分析。结果昌平区居民具有传染病健康素养的比例为14.0%,其中具有传染病知识素养、行为素养和技能素养的居民所占比例分别为29.0%、50.3%和39.2%。在具有传染病健康素养人群中,年龄以30～39岁组最高(21.1%),职业以医务人员最高(46.2%)、文化程度以大专以上最高(23.7%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析影响居民传染病健康素养的因素是年龄(OR=0.883)和文化程度(OR=1.816)。结论老年人和文化程度低的人群传染病健康素养较低,需加强对此类人群的传染病防治健康教育。

Objective To understand status of infectious diseases heath literacy among residents in Changping District, and provide scientific evidence for developing imervention strategy. Methods Using multi-stage stratified random sampling, the information on health literacy of knowledge, behaviors and skills about infectious diseases was collected, statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS 18.0 software. Results The proportion of residents with satisfied infec- tious diseases health literacy was 14. 0%. The proportion of residents with satisfied knowledge literacy, behavior literacy and skills literacy was 29. 0%, 50. 3% and 39. 2%, respectively. In different groups, aged 30 - 39 years old group （21.1%）, professional medical staff group （46. 2% ）, culture degree in college or above group （23.7%）, the propor- tions were highest and the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Age （ OR = 0. 883 ） and level of education （ OR = 1. 816） were main influencing factors to health literacy of residents. Conclusion Infectious diseases health literacy were low among elderly persons and poor-educated populations, and health education of infectious diseases prevention and treatment should be enhanced.