汉语倒辞的语用功能研究

The Pragmatic Functions of Asteism in Chinese

汉语倒辞作为日常话语中的一种频繁使用的语用交际策略,尚未引起修辞学界与语用学界足够的重视。文章对汉语倒辞进行了语用修辞界定,并在界定基础上对汉语倒辞的语用功能进行了具体描述。研究表明:相较于施事功能,汉语倒辞更加侧重于人际功能的实施。汉语倒辞的人际功能主要体现为建构与维系交际者之间正向的人际关系。面子维护、关系身份展示、交际氛围营造以及寒暄功能作为次要功能能够促进主要人际功能的实现。

As a pragmatic strategy frequently used in everyday talk, asteism in Chinese has long been neglected in the study of rhetoric and pragmatics. The present study attempts at a descriptive definition of Chinese asteism from the perspective of pragma-rhetoric. Based on such a definition, the paper launches a detailed analysis on the pragmatic functions of asteism in Chinese. The research indicates that asteism favors more on the impersonal functions than its performative functions. Its principal impersonal function lies in the construction and maintenance of the positive impersonal relationship among the communicative participants. In addition, such subsidiary functions as face saving, relational identity display/development, creating communicative atmosphere and phatic communion work together to contribute to the realization of the principal impersonal function of the research object in question.