淀粉接枝类高吸水树脂的合成研究

Synthesis of Starch Graft Water Superabsorbent Resin

以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,用可溶性淀粉与丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料采用溶液聚合法合成了新型高吸水树脂。讨论了引发剂用量、交联剂用量、淀粉用量、氮气氛围等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响,确定最佳反应条件为:以AA质量为标准,可溶性淀粉用量为20%,引发剂用量为0.5%,交联剂用量为0.05%,AA中和度为75%,反应温度为65℃,在氮气保护下所得产物在蒸馏水中吸水率最大,达1 059.1 g/g。

The novel water superabsorbent resin was prepared using N,N＇-methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinking agent, ammonium persulfate as initiator, soluble starch, acrylic acid （AA） and acrylamide （AM） as raw materials by solution polymerization method. The influence of initiator amount, crosslinking agent amount, starch amount and N2 atmosphere, etc. on the water absorption capability was discussed. The optimal reaction conditions were determined in which the amounts of soluble starch, initiator, crosslinking agent are separately 20%, 0.5% and 0.05% based on AA mass, the neutralization degree of AA is 75%, the reaction temperature is 65 ℃. The water absorption rate of obtained product in the distilled water under N2 atmosphere is maximum, up to 1 059.1 g/g.