脱色动物纤维的结构与性能研究

Study on Structure and Property of Natural Pigment Removed Animal Fibersal

紫绒、驼绒、卡拉库尔羊毛和牦牛绒经脱色后的白度、强力及失重率与脱色前纤维色泽深浅有关；本脱色技术可保持各动物纤维的表面鳞片结构不变，脱色后紫绒的鳞片表面细胞膜保存完好，驼绒及卡拉库尔羊毛的鳞片表面细胞膜有部分损伤，脱色牦牛绒的鳞片表面细胞膜损伤较多，但仍有部分保存完好；脱色动物纤维在弱酸性染料染色时的初始上染速率略增大，而平衡上染率下降。

Natural pigment was removed from purplish cashmere,camel hair,karakul wool and yak fine hair. The whiteness strength and the weight loss due to pigment removal of the treated animal fibers are relative to the darkness shade of the untreated fibers. Pigment removal can keep unchanged the scales of these animal fibers. The cellular membrane of scale on purplish cashmere can remain perfect when the natural pigment was removed. On camel hair and karakul wool,some of the cellular membrane was damaged,and most of it on yak fine hair was destructed and the remainder kept intact. When these treated fibers were dyed in weak acid condition,their initial dyeing speeds increased slightly,and the equilibrium dye uptakes decreased.