色-词Stroop任务中的冲突类型述评

A Profile of Conflict Types in the Color-Word Stroop Task

在认知控制领域中,色-词Stroop任务常被用于研究冲突加工的内在机制。本文首先简述色-词Stroop任务中的刺激冲突和反应冲突及研究这两类冲突常用的实验范式。然后介绍这两类冲突的神经动力学特征:事件相关电位研究显示,N450的波幅调整反映了大脑对冲突的监测,持续电位(sustained potential,SP)的波幅调整反映了大脑对反应冲突的解决;核磁共振成像研究显示,前扣带回、背外侧前额叶分别在反应冲突的监测、认知控制的执行上扮演着重要的角色。文章最后针对目前研究范式存在的问题提出了改进方法和认知神经研究的新方向。

In the field of cognitive control, the color-word Stroop task is widely utilized to investigate the internal neural bias of conflict processing. This paper first summarized the stimulus conflict and response conflict involved in the color-word Stroop task as well as two kinds of experiment paradigms usually used to investigate the Stroop interference. Afterward we introduced the neural dynamics of stimulus conflict and response conflict： The event-related potential （ERP） researches proved that the modulation of amplitude of N450 reflected conflict detection, the modulation of amplitude of conflict sustained potential （SP） reflected resolution of response conflict; the functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） researches substantiated that anterior cingulate cortex （ACC）and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex （DLPFC） played important roles in the processes of conflict detection and the implement of cognitive control, respectively. Lastly, in allusion to the issues resulting from the traditional experiment paradigm in the study of stimulus conflict and response conflict, improved methods and new trends of cognitive neurosciences were proposed.