无意识目标追求的行为特征、机制及影响因素

Behavioral Characteristics,Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Nonconscious Goal Pursuit

无意识目标追求是指个体自动地追求由情境线索激活的目标,而全然不知目标对自己行为的导向作用。无意识目标追求具有灵活性、抑制性和坚持性。无意识目标追求经由行动的无意识准备和目标价值的自动评估与努力过程实现。积极情绪、内隐态度和人际关系影响无意识目标追求。未来研究需要进一步探讨无意识目标追求的影响因素,完善无意识目标追求的机制,探究无意识目标追求结果对个体心理和行为的影响,提高研究结果的生态效度,拓展应用研究。

Nonconscious goal pursuit refers to the process that the individual automatically pursuits a goal activated by environmental clues, and being entirely unaware of the guide effect of the goal to his behaviors. There are three typical characteristics of this process： flexibility, inhibition and persistence. Nonconscious goal pursuit is achieved through nonconscious preparation of actions, automatic assessment of goal value and following efforts. The influential factors of nonconscious goal pursuit include positive emotions, implicit attitudes and interpersonal relationships. Future research should deeply explore the influencing factors of nonconscious goal pursuit, improve the mechanism and analyze the impact of nonconscious goal pursuit on individuals＇ mind and behaviors, meanwhile, improve the ecological validities of results and promote the studies of application.