加工贸易:产业链与价值链视角的国际比较

Processing Trade: An International Comparison from the Viewpoint of Industrial Chain and Value Chain

加工贸易的出现和发展是战后全球范围内产品内公司内分工深化的结果。从理论层面看,比较优势理论、产业内贸易理论、公司内贸易理论等构成了加工贸易发展的理论基石。从实践层面看,综观欧美、港台等经济体的历史经验,加工贸易转型升级的核心在于内容,加工贸易由"进"到"出"的过程是必然规律,加工贸易升级主要依靠市场调节实现,政府宜选择正面鼓励为主的政策导向。

The emergence and development of processing trade is an inevitable result of labor division deepening among global, product and enterprise.Comparative advantage theory, intra-industry trade theory, Internal enterprise trade theory and so on form the cornerstone of processing trade development from the theoretical enlightenment. From the practical enlightenment of European, American and Hong Kong, Taiwan and so on economies, we can get several conclusions. These are the core of processing trade transformation and upgrading is content, the process of processing trade transforms from processing of imported raw materials to processing abroad is an inexorable law, the upgrading of processing trade should mainly depends on market and government should select policy of positive encouragement primarily