新疆牛源金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌素敏感性调查

Investigation of the Drug Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine Mastitis of Xinjiang

[目的]了解新疆奶牛乳房炎中金黄色葡萄球菌的药物敏感性情况,为该病治疗的临床用药提供参考。[方法]2009年以来对乌鲁木齐市、昌吉、呼图壁、奎屯、伊犁和库尔勒6地区16个奶牛养殖场乳房炎奶样分离金黄色葡萄球菌,用纸片扩散法进行抗菌素敏感性检测。[结果]共分离143株金黄色葡萄球菌,临床药敏试验显示,新疆70%以上分离株对红霉素、青霉素、复方新诺明、多西环素、四环素耐药,40%的菌株对氯霉素、环丙沙星和庆大霉素耐药;并且67.1%菌株同时对5种以上抗菌素耐药,10.5%的菌株对所测试的10种抗菌素耐药。此外,发现了19.6%的牛源耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。[结论]新疆奶牛乳房炎病例中的金黄色葡萄球菌对当前临床上允许使用的多种类型的抗菌素呈现严重的多重耐药,使用抗菌素进行奶牛乳房炎的防治难以取得理想的疗效。这类菌株的存在和蔓延将对新疆奶牛养殖业的健康发展和奶制品的安全构成威胁,建议在选择奶牛乳房炎治疗的抗生素时,应以流行菌株的耐药性为依据。

[ Objective ] In order to understand the current status of the antimicrobial resistance of bovine Staphylococcus aureus isolates and provide a reference for clinical drug treatment. [ Method ] The antibiotic sensitive of 143 Saphylococcus aureus strains, which were isolated in 16 dairy farms in six districts of Changji, Hutubi, Kuitun, Urumqi, Yili and Korla were tested by using the disk diffusion method. [ Result ] The results showed that more than 70% of the strains resisted to erythromycin, penicillin, cotrimoxazole, doxyeycline and tetracycline. About 40% of the strains resisted to chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Furthermore, 67.1% of the strains resisted to more than five kinds of antibiotics and 10.5% of the strains resisted to 10 kinds of antibiotics. In addition, 19.6% of the strains were methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [ Conclusion]The survey indicates that Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Xinjiang resisted to multiple types of antibiotics that clinical veterinary medicine was allowed to be used in current situation and the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis at present is not desirable in our region. Arising and spreading of the muliti - resistant strains threats the development of dairy farming and milk products security, and suggest that antibiotic therapy would base on the resistant data of epidemic strains.